The legislative process


Equity does not happen by accident. It is shaped through decisions about laws, budgets, and priorities. Understanding the legislative process is one way communities can protect their rights, expand opportunity, and build lasting economic security.

The Legislative Process & Equity

At CalEquity, we believe public education about how government works is essential to meaningful participation in democracy. This page breaks down the California legislative process and explains how community voices fit into it.

Why the Legislative Process Matters

State laws affect everyday life. They shape access to housing, wages, worker protections, disaster recovery resources, education, and public services. When communities are shut out of the process, inequity grows.

When communities are informed and engaged, policy can move toward fairness and accountability.

Equity advances when more people understand how decisions are made and how to influence them.

Flowchart titled "The Life Cycle of Legislation: From Idea into Law" depicting the process of a bill becoming law in California. Includes steps for Assembly and Senate committee hearings, readings, votes, and the Governor's role including signing or vetoing a bill.

Who Makes Laws in California

California’s state laws are created by elected representatives in two bodies:

  • The State Assembly

  • The State Senate

These legislators represent communities across the state and are responsible for proposing, debating, and voting on laws. Their decisions directly impact local communities.

How a Bill Becomes a Law

The legislative process follows a series of steps. Each step is an opportunity for public input and advocacy.

Step 1: A Bill Is Introduced

A legislator introduces a bill to address a specific issue. Many bills are informed by community concerns, advocacy efforts, research, and lived experience.

Step 2: Committee Review

Bills are reviewed by policy committees focused on specific issues such as housing, labor, education, or public safety. Committees hold hearings where community members, advocates, and experts can have a voice in the process.

Step 3: Budget and Fiscal Review

If a bill has financial impacts, it is reviewed to determine costs and funding. 

Step 4: Floor Votes

If approved by committees, the bill is voted on by the full Assembly or Senate. 

Step 5: Review by the Second House

The bill then goes through the same process in the other legislative chamber. Both chambers must agree on the final version.

Step 6: Governor’s Decision

Once passed by both chambers, the bill goes to the Governor, who can sign it into law or veto it.

Where Community Voice Fits In

Community engagement is not limited to elections. People can influence legislation by:

  • Sharing their lived experiences with legislators and staff

  • Submitting letters of support or opposition

  • Participating in hearings and public comment

  • Meeting with elected officials

  • Organizing coalitions and collective advocacy campaigns

These actions help shape laws so they reflect the real needs of the communities they are meant to serve. 

The Budget Is a Policy Choice

The state budget determines how resources are allocated. It reflects the values and priorities of our government.

Advancing equity means paying attention not only to what laws say, but how they are funded and implemented.

How CalEquity Engages the Process

CalEquity supports communities by making the legislative process understandable and accessible. Our work includes:

Public education on bills and policy issues

Nonpartisan political education and civic engagement

Advocacy toolkits and letter writing campaigns

Support for community organizations navigating policy systems

Partnerships that center equity in legislative outcomes

We believe equity grows

when people

have the knowledge and tools

to engage power directly.

Moving From Information to Action

Understanding the legislative process is a starting point. Taking action is how change happens.

Whether it is advocating for housing protections, disaster recovery resources, or workers rights, informed participation helps ensure policies serve the communities most impacted.

CalEquity is committed to supporting that participation every step of the way.